Appendix E Water Properties

 

Table E1  Water Density (g/mL) at Different Temperatures (°C)

Temperature

Density (g/mL)

   0

0.9998395

   4

0.9999720 (density maximum)

  10

0.9997026

  15

0.9991026

  20

0.9982071

  22

0.9977735

  25

0.9970479

  30

0.9956502

  40

0.9922

  60

0.9832

  80

0.9718

100

0.9584

image

Table E2  Water Vapor Pressure at Different Temperatures (°C)

Temperature

Vapor Pressure (torr)

Vapor Pressure (Pa)

   0

  4.6

613.2812

   4

  6.1

813.2642

  10

  9.2

1226.562

  15

 12.8

1706.522

  20

 17.5

2333.135

  22

 19.8

2639.776

  25

 23.8

3173.064

  30

 31.8

4239.64

  35

 42.2

5626.188

  40

 55.3

7372.707

  45

 71.9

9585.852

  50

 92.5

12332.29

  55

118.0

15732

  60

149.4

19918.31

  65

187.5

24997.88

  70

233.7

31157.35

  75

289.1

38543.39

  80

355.1

47342.64

  85

433.6

57808.42

  90

525.8

70100.71

  95

633.9

84512.82

100

760.0

101324.7

image

Table E3  Water Kw and pKw at Different Temperatures (°C)

Temperature

Kw 10–14

pKw [1]

0

  0.112

14.95

5

  0.182

14.74

10

  0.288

14.54

15

  0.465

14.33

20

  0.671

14.17

25

  0.991

14.00

30

  1.432

13.84

35

  2.042

13.69

40

  2.851

13.55

45

  3.917

13.41

50

  5.297

13.28

55

  7.080

13.15

60

  9.311

13.03

75

19.95

12.70

100

56.23

12.25

image

Table E4  Specific Heat Capacity for Water

Phase

c (J∙g-1∙°C-1)

H2O(l)

4.184

H2O(s)

1.864

H2O(g)

2.093
Table E5  Standard Water Melting and Boiling Temperatures and Enthalpies of the Transitions

Temperature (K)

ΔH (kJ/mol)

melting

273.15

6.088

boiling

373.15

40.656 (44.016 at 298 K)
Table E6  Water Cryoscopic (Freezing Point Depression) and Ebullioscopic (Boiling Point Elevation) Constants

Constant

Symbol

Value

cryoscopic constant

Kf

1.86°C∙kg/mol

ebullioscopic constant

Kb

0.51°C∙kg/mol
image
Figure E1  The plot shows the extent of light absorption versus wavelength for water. Absorption is reported in reciprocal meters and corresponds to the inverse of the distance light may travel through water before its intensity is diminished by 1/e (~37%).
  1. pKw = –log10(Kw) ↵

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Appendix E Water Properties Copyright © by Nicole Bouvier-Brown; Saori Shiraki; J. Ryan Hunt; and Emily Jarvis. All Rights Reserved.

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