Appendix G Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances
|
Substance |
ΔHf°
(kJ /mol)
|
ΔGf°
(kJ/ mol)
|
S°
(J/K mol)
|
|
aluminum |
|
|
|
|
Al(s) |
0 |
0 |
28.3 |
|
Al(g) |
324.4 |
285.7 |
164.54 |
|
Al3+(aq) |
–531 |
–485 |
–321.7 |
|
Al2O3(s) |
–1676 |
–1582 |
50.92 |
|
AlF3(s) |
–1510.4 |
–1425 |
66.5 |
|
AlCl3(s) |
–704.2 |
–628.8 |
110.67 |
|
AlCl3·6H2O(s) |
–2691.57 |
–2269.40 |
376.56 |
|
Al2S3(s) |
–724.0 |
–492.4 |
116.9 |
|
Al2(SO4)3(s) |
–3445.06 |
–3506.61 |
239.32 |
|
antimony |
|
|
|
|
Sb(s) |
0 |
0 |
45.69 |
|
Sb(g) |
262.34 |
222.17 |
180.16 |
|
Sb4O6(s) |
–1440.55 |
–1268.17 |
220.92 |
|
SbCl3(g) |
–313.8 |
–301.2 |
337.80 |
|
SbCl5(g) |
–394.34 |
–334.29 |
401.94 |
|
Sb2S3(s) |
–174.89 |
–173.64 |
182.00 |
|
SbCl3(s) |
–382.17 |
–323.72 |
184.10 |
|
SbOCl(s) |
–374.0 |
— |
— |
|
arsenic |
|
|
|
|
As(s) |
0 |
0 |
35.1 |
|
As(g) |
302.5 |
261.0 |
174.21 |
|
As4(g) |
143.9 |
92.4 |
314 |
|
As4O6(s) |
–1313.94 |
–1152.52 |
214.22 |
|
As2O5(s) |
–924.87 |
–782.41 |
105.44 |
|
AsCl3(g) |
–261.50 |
–248.95 |
327.06 |
|
As2S3(s) |
–169.03 |
–168.62 |
163.59 |
|
AsH3(g) |
66.44 |
68.93 |
222.78 |
|
H3AsO4(s) |
–906.3 |
— |
— |
|
barium |
|
|
|
|
Ba(s) |
0 |
0 |
62.5 |
|
Ba(g) |
180 |
146 |
170.24 |
|
Ba2+(aq) |
–537.6 |
–560.8 |
9.6 |
|
BaO(s) |
–548.0 |
–520.3 |
72.1 |
|
BaCl2(s) |
–855.0 |
–806.7 |
123.7 |
|
BaSO4(s) |
–1473.2 |
–1362.3 |
132.2 |
|
beryllium |
|
|
|
|
Be(s) |
0 |
0 |
9.50 |
|
Be(g) |
324.3 |
286.6 |
136.27 |
|
BeO(s) |
–609.4 |
–580.1 |
13.8 |
|
bismuth |
|
|
|
|
Bi(s) |
0 |
0 |
56.74 |
|
Bi(g) |
207.1 |
168.2 |
187.00 |
|
Bi2O3(s) |
–573.88 |
–493.7 |
151.5 |
|
BiCl3(s) |
–379.07 |
–315.06 |
176.98 |
|
Bi2S3(s) |
–143.1 |
–140.6 |
200.4 |
|
boron |
|
|
|
|
B(s) |
0 |
0 |
5.86 |
|
B(g) |
565.0 |
521.0 |
153.4 |
|
B2O3(s) |
–1273.5 |
–1194.3 |
53.97 |
|
B2H6(g) |
36.4 |
87.6 |
232.1 |
|
H3BO3(s) |
–1094.33 |
–968.92 |
88.83 |
|
BF3(g) |
–1136.0 |
–1119.4 |
254.4 |
|
BCl3(g) |
–403.8 |
–388.7 |
290.1 |
|
B3N3H6(l) |
–540.99 |
–392.79 |
199.58 |
|
HBO2(s) |
–794.25 |
–723.41 |
37.66 |
|
bromine |
|
|
|
|
Br2(l) |
0 |
0 |
152.23 |
|
Br2(g) |
30.91 |
3.142 |
245.5 |
|
Br(g) |
111.88 |
82.429 |
175.0 |
|
Br–(aq) |
–120.9 |
–102.82 |
80.71 |
|
BrF3(g) |
–255.60 |
–229.45 |
292.42 |
|
HBr(g) |
–36.3 |
–53.43 |
198.7 |
|
cadmium |
|
|
|
|
Cd(s) |
0 |
0 |
51.76 |
|
Cd(g) |
112.01 |
77.41 |
167.75 |
|
Cd2+(aq) |
–75.90 |
–77.61 |
–73.2 |
|
CdO(s) |
–258.2 |
–228.4 |
54.8 |
|
CdCl2(s) |
–391.5 |
–343.9 |
115.3 |
|
CdSO4(s) |
–933.3 |
–822.7 |
123.0 |
|
CdS(s) |
–161.9 |
–156.5 |
64.9 |
|
calcium |
|
|
|
|
Ca(s) |
0 |
0 |
41.6 |
|
Ca(g) |
178.2 |
144.3 |
154.88 |
|
Ca2+(aq) |
–542.96 |
–553.04 |
–55.2 |
|
CaO(s) |
–634.9 |
–603.3 |
38.1 |
|
Ca(OH)2(s) |
–985.2 |
–897.5 |
83.4 |
|
CaSO4(s) |
–1434.5 |
–1322.0 |
106.5 |
|
CaSO4·2H2O(s) |
–2022.63 |
–1797.45 |
194.14 |
|
CaCO3(s) (calcite) |
–1220.0 |
–1081.4 |
110.0 |
|
CaSO3·H2O(s) |
–1752.68 |
–1555.19 |
184.10 |
|
carbon |
|
|
|
|
C(s) (graphite) |
0 |
0 |
5.740 |
|
C(s) (diamond) |
1.89 |
2.90 |
2.38 |
|
C(g) |
716.681 |
671.2 |
158.1 |
|
CO(g) |
–110.52 |
–137.15 |
197.7 |
|
CO2(g) |
–393.51 |
–394.36 |
213.8 |
|
CO32–(aq) |
–677.1 |
–527.8 |
–56.9 |
|
CH4(g) |
–74.6 |
–50.5 |
186.3 |
|
CH3OH(l) |
–239.2 |
–166.6 |
126.8 |
|
CH3OH(g) |
–201.0 |
–162.3 |
239.9 |
|
CCl4(l) |
–128.2 |
–62.5 |
214.4 |
|
CCl4(g) |
–95.7 |
–58.2 |
309.7 |
|
CHCl3(l) |
–134.1 |
–73.7 |
201.7 |
|
CHCl3(g) |
–103.14 |
–70.34 |
295.71 |
|
CS2(l) |
89.70 |
65.27 |
151.34 |
|
CS2(g) |
116.9 |
66.8 |
238.0 |
|
C2H2(g) |
227.4 |
209.2 |
200.9 |
|
C2H4(g) |
52.4 |
68.4 |
219.3 |
|
C2H6(g) |
–84.0 |
–32.0 |
229.2 |
|
CH3CO2H(l) |
–484.3 |
–389.9 |
159.8 |
|
CH3CO2H(g) |
–434.84 |
–376.69 |
282.50 |
|
C2H5OH(l) |
–277.6 |
–174.8 |
160.7 |
|
C2H5OH(g) |
–234.8 |
–167.9 |
281.6 |
|
HCO3–(aq) |
–691.11 |
–587.06 |
95 |
|
C3H8(g) |
–103.8 |
–23.4 |
270.3 |
|
C6H6(g) |
82.927 |
129.66 |
269.2 |
|
C6H6(l) |
49.1 |
124.50 |
173.4 |
|
CH2Cl2(l) |
–124.2 |
–63.2 |
177.8 |
|
CH2Cl2(g) |
–95.4 |
–65.90 |
270.2 |
|
CH3Cl(g) |
–81.9 |
–60.2 |
234.6 |
|
C2H5Cl(l) |
–136.52 |
–59.31 |
190.79 |
|
C2H5Cl(g) |
–112.17 |
–60.39 |
276.00 |
|
C2N2(g) |
308.98 |
297.36 |
241.90 |
|
HCN(l) |
108.9 |
125.0 |
112.8 |
|
HCN(g) |
135.5 |
124.7 |
201.8 |
|
cesium |
|
|
|
|
Cs+(aq) |
–248 |
–282.0 |
133 |
|
chlorine |
|
|
|
|
Cl2(g) |
0 |
0 |
223.1 |
|
Cl(g) |
121.3 |
105.70 |
165.2 |
|
Cl–(aq) |
–167.2 |
–131.2 |
56.5 |
|
ClF(g) |
–54.48 |
–55.94 |
217.78 |
|
ClF3(g) |
–158.99 |
–118.83 |
281.50 |
|
Cl2O(g) |
80.3 |
97.9 |
266.2 |
|
Cl2O7(l) |
238.1 |
— |
— |
|
Cl2O7(g) |
272.0 |
— |
— |
|
HCl(g) |
–92.307 |
–95.299 |
186.9 |
|
HClO4(l) |
–40.58 |
— |
— |
|
chromium |
|
|
|
|
Cr(s) |
0 |
0 |
23.77 |
|
Cr(g) |
396.6 |
351.8 |
174.50 |
|
CrO4 2–(aq) |
–881.2 |
–727.8 |
50.21 |
|
Cr2O7 2–(aq) |
–1490.3 |
–1301.1 |
261.9 |
|
Cr2O3(s) |
–1139.7 |
–1058.1 |
81.2 |
|
CrO3(s) |
–589.5 |
— |
— |
|
(NH4)2Cr2O7(s) |
–1806.7 |
— |
— |
|
cobalt |
|
|
|
|
Co(s) |
0 |
0 |
30.0 |
|
Co2+(aq) |
–67.4 |
–51.5 |
–155 |
|
Co3+(aq) |
92 |
134 |
–305.0 |
|
CoO(s) |
–237.9 |
–214.2 |
52.97 |
|
Co3O4(s) |
–910.02 |
–794.98 |
114.22 |
|
Co(NO3)2(s) |
–420.5 |
— |
— |
|
copper |
|
|
|
|
Cu(s) |
0 |
0 |
33.15 |
|
Cu(g) |
338.32 |
298.58 |
166.38 |
|
Cu+(aq) |
51.9 |
50.2 |
–26 |
|
Cu2+(aq) |
64.77 |
65.49 |
–99.6 |
|
CuO(s) |
–157.3 |
–129.7 |
42.63 |
|
Cu2O(s) |
–168.6 |
–146.0 |
93.14 |
|
CuS(s) |
–53.1 |
–53.6 |
66.5 |
|
Cu2S(s) |
–79.5 |
–86.2 |
120.9 |
|
CuSO4(s) |
–771.36 |
–662.2 |
109.2 |
|
Cu(NO3)2(s) |
–302.9 |
— |
— |
|
fluorine |
|
|
|
|
F2(g) |
0 |
0 |
202.8 |
|
F(g) |
79.4 |
62.3 |
158.8 |
|
F–(aq) |
–332.6 |
–278.8 |
–13.8 |
|
F2O(g) |
24.7 |
41.9 |
247.43 |
|
HF(g) |
–273.3 |
–275.4 |
173.8 |
|
hydrogen |
|
|
|
|
H2(g) |
0 |
0 |
130.7 |
|
H(g) |
217.97 |
203.26 |
114.7 |
|
H+(aq) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
OH–(aq) |
–230.0 |
–157.2 |
–10.75 |
|
H3O+(aq) |
–285.8 |
|
69.91 |
|
H2O(l) |
–285.83 |
–237.1 |
70.0 |
|
H2O(g) |
–241.82 |
–228.59 |
188.8 |
|
H2O2(l) |
–187.78 |
–120.35 |
109.6 |
|
H2O2(g) |
–136.3 |
–105.6 |
232.7 |
|
HF(g) |
–273.3 |
–275.4 |
173.8 |
|
HCl(g) |
–92.307 |
–95.299 |
186.9 |
|
HBr(g) |
–36.3 |
–53.43 |
198.7 |
|
HI(g) |
26.48 |
1.70 |
206.59 |
|
H2S(g) |
–20.6 |
–33.4 |
205.8 |
|
H2Se(g) |
29.7 |
15.9 |
219.0 |
|
HNO3 |
–206.64 |
— |
— |
|
iodine |
|
|
|
|
I2(s) |
0 |
0 |
116.14 |
|
I2(g) |
62.438 |
19.3 |
260.7 |
|
I(g) |
106.84 |
70.2 |
180.8 |
|
I–(aq) |
–55.19 |
–51.57 |
11.13 |
|
IF(g) |
95.65 |
–118.49 |
236.06 |
|
ICl(g) |
17.78 |
–5.44 |
247.44 |
|
IBr(g) |
40.84 |
3.72 |
258.66 |
|
IF7(g) |
–943.91 |
–818.39 |
346.44 |
|
HI(g) |
26.48 |
1.70 |
206.59 |
|
iron |
|
|
|
|
Fe(s) |
0 |
0 |
27.3 |
|
Fe(g) |
416.3 |
370.7 |
180.5 |
|
Fe2+(aq) |
–89.1 |
–78.90 |
–137.7 |
|
Fe3+(aq) |
–48.5 |
–4.7 |
–315.9 |
|
Fe2O3(s) |
–824.2 |
–742.2 |
87.40 |
|
Fe3O4(s) |
–1118.4 |
–1015.4 |
146.4 |
|
Fe(CO)5(l) |
–774.04 |
–705.42 |
338.07 |
|
Fe(CO)5(g) |
–733.87 |
–697.26 |
445.18 |
|
FeCl2(s) |
–341.79 |
–302.30 |
117.95 |
|
FeCl3(s) |
–399.49 |
–334.00 |
142.3 |
|
FeO(s) |
–272.0 |
–255.2 |
60.75 |
|
Fe(OH)2(s) |
–569.0 |
–486.5 |
88. |
|
Fe(OH)3(s) |
–823.0 |
–696.5 |
106.7 |
|
FeS(s) |
–100.0 |
–100.4 |
60.29 |
|
Fe3C(s) |
25.10 |
20.08 |
104.60 |
|
lead |
|
|
|
|
Pb(s) |
0 |
0 |
64.81 |
|
Pb(g) |
195.2 |
162. |
175.4 |
|
Pb2+(aq) |
–1.7 |
–24.43 |
10.5 |
|
PbO(s) (yellow) |
–217.32 |
–187.89 |
68.70 |
|
PbO(s) (red) |
–218.99 |
–188.93 |
66.5 |
|
Pb(OH)2(s) |
–515.9 |
— |
— |
|
PbS(s) |
–100.4 |
–98.7 |
91.2 |
|
Pb(NO3)2(s) |
–451.9 |
— |
— |
|
PbO2(s) |
–277.4 |
–217.3 |
68.6 |
|
PbCl2(s) |
–359.4 |
–314.1 |
136.0 |
|
lithium |
|
|
|
|
Li(s) |
0 |
0 |
29.1 |
|
Li(g) |
159.3 |
126.6 |
138.8 |
|
Li+(aq) |
–278.5 |
–293.3 |
13.4 |
|
LiH(s) |
–90.5 |
–68.3 |
20.0 |
|
Li(OH)(s) |
–487.5 |
–441.5 |
42.8 |
|
LiF(s) |
–616.0 |
–587.5 |
35.7 |
|
Li2CO3(s) |
–1216.04 |
–1132.19 |
90.17 |
|
magnesium |
|
|
|
|
Mg2+(aq) |
–466.9 |
–454.8 |
–138.1 |
|
manganese |
|
|
|
|
Mn(s) |
0 |
0 |
32.0 |
|
Mn(g) |
280.7 |
238.5 |
173.7 |
|
Mn2+(aq) |
–220.8 |
–228.1 |
–73.6 |
|
MnO(s) |
–385.2 |
–362.9 |
59.71 |
|
MnO2(s) |
–520.03 |
–465.1 |
53.05 |
|
Mn2O3(s) |
–958.97 |
–881.15 |
110.46 |
|
Mn3O4(s) |
–1378.83 |
–1283.23 |
155.64 |
|
MnO4 –(aq) |
–541.4 |
–447.2 |
191.2 |
|
MnO4 2–(aq) |
–653.0 |
–500.7 |
59 |
|
mercury |
|
|
|
|
Hg(l) |
0 |
0 |
75.9 |
|
Hg(g) |
61.4 |
31.8 |
175.0 |
|
Hg2+(aq) |
|
164.8 |
|
|
Hg2+(aq) |
172.4 |
153.9 |
84.5 |
|
HgO(s) (red) |
–90.83 |
–58.5 |
70.29 |
|
HgO(s) (yellow) |
–90.46 |
–58.43 |
71.13 |
|
HgCl2(s) |
–224.3 |
–178.6 |
146.0 |
|
Hg2Cl2(s) |
–265.4 |
–210.7 |
191.6 |
|
HgS(s) (red) |
–58.16 |
–50.6 |
82.4 |
|
HgS(s) (black) |
–53.56 |
–47.70 |
88.28 |
|
HgSO4(s) |
–707.51 |
–594.13 |
0.00 |
|
nickel |
|
|
|
|
Ni2+(aq) |
–64.0 |
–46.4 |
–159 |
|
nitrogen |
|
|
|
|
N2(g) |
0 |
0 |
191.6 |
|
N(g) |
472.704 |
455.5 |
153.3 |
|
NO(g) |
90.25 |
87.6 |
210.8 |
|
NO2(g) |
33.2 |
51.30 |
240.1 |
|
N2O(g) |
81.6 |
103.7 |
220.0 |
|
N2O3(g) |
83.72 |
139.41 |
312.17 |
|
NO3–(aq) |
–205.0 |
–108.7 |
146.4 |
|
N2O4(g) |
11.1 |
99.8 |
304.4 |
|
N2O5(g) |
11.3 |
115.1 |
355.7 |
|
NH3(g) |
–45.9 |
–16.5 |
192.8 |
|
NH4+(aq) |
–132.5 |
–79.31 |
113.4 |
|
N2H4(l) |
50.63 |
149.43 |
121.21 |
|
N2H4(g) |
95.4 |
159.4 |
238.5 |
|
NH4NO3(s) |
–365.56 |
–183.87 |
151.08 |
|
NH4Cl(s) |
–314.43 |
–202.87 |
94.6 |
|
NH4Br(s) |
–270.8 |
–175.2 |
113.0 |
|
NH4I(s) |
–201.4 |
–112.5 |
117.0 |
|
NH4NO2(s) |
–256.5 |
— |
— |
|
HNO3(l) |
–174.1 |
–80.7 |
155.6 |
|
HNO3(g) |
–133.9 |
–73.5 |
266.9 |
|
HNO3(aq) |
–207.4 |
–110.5 |
146 |
|
oxygen |
|
|
|
|
O2(g) |
0 |
0 |
205.2 |
|
O(g) |
249.17 |
231.7 |
161.1 |
|
O3(g) |
142.7 |
163.2 |
238.9 |
|
phosphorus |
|
|
|
|
P4(s) |
0 |
0 |
164.4 |
|
P4(g) |
58.91 |
24.4 |
280.0 |
|
P(g) |
314.64 |
278.25 |
163.19 |
|
PH3(g) |
5.4 |
13.5 |
210.2 |
|
PCl3(g) |
–287.0 |
–267.8 |
311.78 |
|
PCl5(g) |
–374.9 |
–305.0 |
364.4 |
|
P4O6(s) |
–1640.1 |
— |
— |
|
P4O10(s) |
–2984.0 |
–2697.0 |
228.86 |
|
PO4 3–(aq) |
–1277 |
–1019 |
–222 |
|
HPO3(s) |
–948.5 |
— |
— |
|
HPO4 2–(aq) |
–1292.1 |
–1089.3 |
–33 |
|
H2PO4 2–(aq) |
–1296.3 |
–1130.4 |
90.4 |
|
H3PO2(s) |
–604.6 |
— |
— |
|
H3PO3(s) |
–964.4 |
— |
— |
|
H3PO4(s) |
–1279.0 |
–1119.1 |
110.50 |
|
H3PO4(l) |
–1266.9 |
–1124.3 |
110.5 |
|
H4P2O7(s) |
–2241.0 |
— |
— |
|
POCl3(l) |
–597.1 |
–520.8 |
222.5 |
|
POCl3(g) |
–558.5 |
–512.9 |
325.5 |
|
potassium |
|
|
|
|
K(s) |
0 |
0 |
64.7 |
|
K(g) |
89.0 |
60.5 |
160.3 |
|
K+(aq) |
–252.4 |
–283.3 |
102.5 |
|
KF(s) |
–576.27 |
–537.75 |
66.57 |
|
KCl(s) |
–436.5 |
–408.5 |
82.6 |
|
rubidium |
|
|
|
|
Rb+(aq) |
–246 |
–282.2 |
124 |
|
silicon |
|
|
|
|
Si(s) |
0 |
0 |
18.8 |
|
Si(g) |
450.0 |
405.5 |
168.0 |
|
SiO2(s) |
–910.7 |
–856.3 |
41.5 |
|
SiH4(g) |
34.3 |
56.9 |
204.6 |
|
H2SiO3(s) |
–1188.67 |
–1092.44 |
133.89 |
|
H4SiO4(s) |
–1481.14 |
–1333.02 |
192.46 |
|
SiF4(g) |
–1615.0 |
–1572.8 |
282.8 |
|
SiCl4(l) |
–687.0 |
–619.8 |
239.7 |
|
SiCl4(g) |
–662.75 |
–622.58 |
330.62 |
|
SiC(s, beta cubic) |
–73.22 |
–70.71 |
16.61 |
|
SiC(s, alpha hexagonal) |
–71.55 |
–69.04 |
16.48 |
|
silver |
|
|
|
|
Ag(s) |
0 |
0 |
42.55 |
|
Ag(g) |
284.9 |
246.0 |
172.89 |
|
Ag+(aq) |
105.6 |
77.11 |
72.68 |
|
Ag2O(s) |
–31.05 |
–11.20 |
121.3 |
|
AgCl(s) |
–127.0 |
–109.8 |
96.3 |
|
Ag2S(s) |
–32.6 |
–40.7 |
144.0 |
|
sodium |
|
|
|
|
Na(s) |
0 |
0 |
51.3 |
|
Na(g) |
107.5 |
77.0 |
153.7 |
|
Na+(aq) |
–240.1 |
–261.9 |
59 |
|
Na2O(s) |
–414.2 |
–375.5 |
75.1 |
|
NaCl(s) |
–411.2 |
–384.1 |
72.1 |
|
strontium |
|
|
|
|
Sr2+(aq) |
–545.8 |
–557.3 |
–32.6 |
|
sulfur |
|
|
|
|
S8(s) (rhombic) |
0 |
0 |
256.8 |
|
S(g) |
278.81 |
238.25 |
167.82 |
|
S2–(aq) |
41.8 |
83.7 |
22 |
|
SO2(g) |
–296.83 |
–300.1 |
248.2 |
|
SO3(g) |
–395.72 |
–371.06 |
256.76 |
|
SO4 2–(aq) |
–909.3 |
–744.5 |
20.1 |
|
S2O3 2–(aq) |
–648.5 |
–522.5 |
67 |
|
H2S(g) |
–20.6 |
–33.4 |
205.8 |
|
HS–(aq) |
–17.7 |
12.6 |
61.1 |
|
H2SO4(l) |
–813.989 |
–690.00 |
156.90 |
|
HSO4 2–(aq) |
–885.75 |
–752.87 |
126.9 |
|
H2S2O7(s) |
–1273.6 |
— |
— |
|
SF4(g) |
–728.43 |
–684.84 |
291.12 |
|
SF6(g) |
–1220.5 |
–1116.5 |
291.5 |
|
SCl2(l) |
–50 |
— |
— |
|
SCl2(g) |
–19.7 |
— |
— |
|
S2Cl2(l) |
–59.4 |
— |
— |
|
S2Cl2(g) |
–19.50 |
–29.25 |
319.45 |
|
SOCl2(g) |
–212.55 |
–198.32 |
309.66 |
|
SOCl2(l) |
–245.6 |
— |
— |
|
SO2Cl2(l) |
–394.1 |
— |
— |
|
SO2Cl2(g) |
–354.80 |
–310.45 |
311.83 |
|
tin |
|
|
|
|
Sn(s) |
0 |
0 |
51.2 |
|
Sn(g) |
301.2 |
266.2 |
168.5 |
|
SnO(s) |
–285.8 |
–256.9 |
56.5 |
|
SnO2(s) |
–577.6 |
–515.8 |
49.0 |
|
SnCl4(l) |
–511.3 |
–440.1 |
258.6 |
|
SnCl4(g) |
–471.5 |
–432.2 |
365.8 |
|
titanium |
|
|
|
|
Ti(s) |
0 |
0 |
30.7 |
|
Ti(g) |
473.0 |
428.4 |
180.3 |
|
TiO2(s) |
–944.0 |
–888.8 |
50.6 |
|
TiCl4(l) |
–804.2 |
–737.2 |
252.4 |
|
TiCl4(g) |
–763.2 |
–726.3 |
353.2 |
|
tungsten |
|
|
|
|
W(s) |
0 |
0 |
32.6 |
|
W(g) |
849.4 |
807.1 |
174.0 |
|
WO3(s) |
–842.9 |
–764.0 |
75.9 |
|
zinc |
|
|
|
|
Zn(s) |
0 |
0 |
41.6 |
|
Zn(g) |
130.73 |
95.14 |
160.98 |
|
Zn2+(aq) |
–153.9 |
–147.1 |
–112.1 |
|
ZnO(s) |
–350.5 |
–320.5 |
43.7 |
|
ZnCl2(s) |
–415.1 |
–369.43 |
111.5 |
|
ZnS(s) |
–206.0 |
–201.3 |
57.7 |
|
ZnSO4(s) |
–982.8 |
–871.5 |
110.5 |
|
ZnCO3(s) |
–812.78 |
–731.57 |
82.42 |
|
complexes |
|
|
|
|
[Co(NH3)4(NO2)2]NO3, cis |
–898.7 |
— |
— |
|
[Co(NH3)4(NO2)2]NO3, trans |
–896.2 |
— |
— |
|
NH4[Co(NH3)2(NO2)4] |
–837.6 |
— |
— |
|
[Co(NH3)6][Co(NH3)2(NO2)4]3 |
–2733.0 |
— |
— |
|
[Co(NH3)4Cl2]Cl, cis |
–874.9 |
— |
— |
|
[Co(NH3)4Cl2]Cl, trans |
–877.4 |
— |
— |
|
[Co(en)2(NO2)2]NO3, cis |
–689.5 |
— |
— |
|
[Co(en)2Cl2]Cl, cis |
–681.2 |
— |
— |
|
[Co(en)2Cl2]Cl, trans |
–677.4 |
— |
— |
|
[Co(en)3](ClO4)3 |
–762.7 |
— |
— |
|
[Co(en)3]Br2 |
–595.8 |
— |
— |
|
[Co(en)3]I2 |
–475.3 |
— |
— |
|
[Co(en)3]I3 |
–519.2 |
— |
— |
|
[Co(NH3)6](ClO4)3 |
–1034.7 |
–221.1 |
615 |
|
[Co(NH3)5NO2](NO3)2 |
–1088.7 |
–412.9 |
331 |
|
[Co(NH3)6](NO3)3 |
–1282.0 |
–524.5 |
448 |
|
[Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2 |
–1017.1 |
–582.5 |
366.1 |
|
[Pt(NH3)4]Cl2 |
–725.5 |
— |
— |
|
[Ni(NH3)6]Cl2 |
–994.1 |
— |
— |
|
[Ni(NH3)6]Br2 |
–923.8 |
— |
— |
|
[Ni(NH3)6]I2 |
–808.3 |
— |
— |